#6001. Online mobile map effect: how smartphone map use impairs spatial memory

August 2026publication date
Proposal available till 08-06-2025
4 total number of authors per manuscript0 $

The title of the journal is available only for the authors who have already paid for
Journal’s subject area:
Earth-Surface Processes;
Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design;
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition;
Modeling and Simulation;
Experimental and Cognitive Psychology;
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Abstract:
This article examined people’s spatial memory and navigation performance when they learned an environmental route using a smartphone map and a paper map. Our results showed that the use of a smartphone map impaired spatial learning and knowledge acquisition. Specifically, participants learned a route less accurately when they used a smartphone map than when using a paper map, revealed by a worse route retracing performance. Although navigation accuracy decreased for the second, unaided walk after the first walk aided with a smartphone map, participants’ self-evaluation in terms of state anxiety and confidence ratings did not show a statistically significant difference. This suggests that smartphone map users did not perceive the memory impairment caused by the smartphone map use.
Keywords:
google effect; Navigation; route learning; sense of direction; spatial anxiety

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