#5744. Insufficient sampling frequencies skew heart rate variability estimates: Implications for extracting heart rate metrics from neuroimaging and physiological data

July 2026publication date
Proposal available till 11-05-2025
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Journal’s subject area:
Computer Science Applications;
Health Informatics;
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Abstract:
Background: While cardiac pulsations are widely present within physiological and neuroimaging data, it is unknown the extent this information can provide valid and reliable heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) estimates. The objective of this study was to demonstrate how a slight temporal shift due to an insufficient sampling frequency can impact the validity/accuracy of deriving cardiac metrics. Methods: Twenty-two participants were instrumented with valid/reliable industry-standard or open-source electrocardiograms. Five-minute lead II recordings were collected at 1000 Hz in an upright orthostatic position. Following artifact removal, the 1000 Hz recording for each participant was downsampled to frequencies ranging 2–500 Hz. The validity of each participants downsampled recording was compared against their 1000 Hz recording (“reference-standard”) using Bland-Altman plots with 95 % limits of agreement (LOA), coefficient of variation (CoV), intraclass correlation coefficients, and adjusted r-squared values.
Keywords:
Downsampling; Electrocardiography; Heart rate variability; Sampling frequency; Validity

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