#5138. On the syndemic nature of crises: A Freeman perspective

July 2026publication date
Proposal available till 23-05-2025
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Journal’s subject area:
Management Science and Operations Research;
Management of Technology and Innovation;
Strategy and Management;
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Abstract:
In this paper we draw a parallel between the insights developed within the framework of the current COVID-19 health crisis and the views and insights developed with respect to the long term environmental crisis, the implications for science, technology and innovation (STI) policy. With at the time of writing, the COVID-19 pandemic entering in many countries a third wave with a very differentiated implementation path of vaccination across rich and poor countries, drawing such a parallel remains of course a relatively speculative exercise. The COVID-19 pandemic has also been described as a “syndemic”: a term popular in medical anthropology which marries the concept of ‘synergy’ with ‘epidemic’ and provides conceptually an interesting background for these posthumous Freeman reflections on crises. The COVID-19 crisis affects citizens in very different and disproportionate ways. In the paper, we focus on the growing inequality within two particular groups: youngsters and the impact of COVID-19 on learning and the organization of education; and as mirror picture, the elderly many of whom witnessed despite strict confinement in long-term care facilities, high mortality following the COVID-19 outbreak.
Keywords:
Education and distant learning; Impact of crises on social and inter-generational inequality; Impact of the COVID-19 health crisis; Long term environmental crisis; Science; Syndemics; Technology and innovation policy

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