#4731. Does policy enhance collaborative-opportunistic behaviours? Looking into the intellectual capital dynamics of subsidized industry–university partnerships

August 2026publication date
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Education;
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Abstract:
Little is known about how subsidies enhance both collaborative and opportunistic behaviours within subsidized industry–university partnerships, and how partners behaviours influence the intellectual capital dynamics within subsidized industry–university. Especially to contribute to these ongoing academic debates, this paper analyses how collaborative and opportunistic behaviours within industry–university partnerships influence the intellectual capital dynamics (inputs, outputs and outcomes) of the subsidized projects. By combining two sources of information about 683 subsidized industry–university partnerships from 20XX to 20XX, this study adopted the structural equation modelling (SEM) to analyse the effect of collaborative vs opportunistic behaviours in intellectual capital dynamics within subsidized projects. The first tendency shows how collaborative behaviours positively influence intellectual capital dynamics within subsidized industry–university partnerships. The second tendency shows how opportunistic behaviours influence intellectual capital impacts (performance) and return to society (job creation). This research has three limitations that provide a future research agenda. The main limitations were associated with our sources of information. The dark side is the IC appropriation behind opportunistic behaviours. The bright side allows evaluating the cost-benefit of this government intervention and the returns to priority industries. This study contributes to three ongoing academic debates in innovation and management fields.
Keywords:
Collaborative-opportunistic behaviours; Emerging economies; Industry–university partnerships; Intellectual capital; Subsidies

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