#4095. The impact of newly self-associated pictorial and letter-based stimuli in attention holding

September 2026publication date
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Journal’s subject area:
Language and Linguistics;
Linguistics and Language;
Experimental and Cognitive Psychology;
Sensory Systems;
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Abstract:
Familiar self-associated stimuli such as one’s own name and face are more efficient in guiding attention than other-associated stimuli. Remarkably, a short association of geometric shapes to the self versus others is sufficient to induce prioritization of the self- (vs. other-) associated shape in a matching task. Therefore, in Study 1 (N = 28), we implemented the matching task and additionally compared the effectiveness of familiar versus newly self-associated stimuli with that of stranger-related stimuli to hold attention as cues in a dot-probe task. The self and the stranger were either represented by familiar labels (“I” vs. “stranger”), newly associated shapes, or shape–label pairs. In Study 2 (N = 31), participants associated nonwords to themselves and a stranger to compare the attentional impact of familiar and new self-associated letter combinations. in the matching task were faster when confirming the correct self-associated pair. The results suggest that, under conditions of attentional competition, the prioritization of self-associated compared with other-associated cues does not generalize to newly associated stimuli.
Keywords:
Attention holding; Dot-probe task; Prioritization; Selective attention; Self-relevance

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