#3379. Ethnic Markers without Ethnic Conflict: Why do Interdependent Masikoro, Mikea, and Vezo of Madagascar Signal their Ethnic Differences?

October 2026publication date
Proposal available till 23-05-2025
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Journal’s subject area:
Anthropology;
Social Sciences (miscellaneous);
Sociology and Political Science;
Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous);
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics;
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Abstract:
People often signal their membership in groups through their clothes, hairstyle, posture, and dialect. Most existing evolutionary models argue that markers label group members so individuals can preferentially interact with those in their group. Here we ask why people mark ethnic differences when interethnic interaction is routine, necessary, and peaceful. They signal less in the marketplace, a primary site of interethnic coordination and cooperation; and they do not prefer co-ethnics as cooperation partners in novel circumstances. Results from a cultural knowledge survey and calculations of cultural FST suggest that these ethnic groups have relatively little cultural differentiation. The current functions of ethnic divisions and marking may be different from those at the moment of ethnogenesis. Group identities may persist without group conflict or differentiation.
Keywords:
Cooperation; Coordination; Cultural FST; Ethnic Markers; Identity; Parochial Altruism; Sorting Experiments

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