#12136. Trust your abilities more than the stereotype: Effect of gender-stereotype threat and task difficulty on word production, clustering, and switching in letter fluency

July 2026publication date
Proposal available till 21-05-2025
4 total number of authors per manuscript0 $

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Journal’s subject area:
Sociology and Political Science;
Social Psychology;
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Abstract:
Gender stereotype consistently accounts for underperformance phenomena experienced by women on male-stereotyped cognitive tasks. However, only a few studies have examined its effect on performance on female-stereotyped cognitive tasks, such as letter fluency. The present study examined whether variations in the cues to activate stereotype threat and task difficulty would affect the letter fluency performance of undergraduate men and women and the underlying cognitive processes of this performance (i.e., switching, clustering). The results indicated participants held beliefs about womens superiority in this task. However, threat-activation cues did not affect the production of correct words, errors, clustering, or switching in men and women. Task difficulty affected the number of correct words, yet it did not interact with the stereotype threat-activation cues. Finally, participants actual performance was related to their self-rating perception about their ability instead of the stereotyping they perceived. The effect of self-efficacy, educational level, and individual susceptibilities should be taken into account when studying the effects of stereotype threat.
Keywords:
Clustering; Gender-stereotype threat; Letter fluency; Switching; Task difficulty

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