#3438. Conceptualizing histories of multispecies entanglements: Ancient pathogen genomics and the case of Borrelia recurrentis

October 2026publication date
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Journal’s subject area:
Archeology;
Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous);
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Abstract:
This article explores the conceptual and cultural implications of using pathogen ancient DNA (aDNA) collected in archaeological contexts to understand the past. More specifically, it examines ancient pathogen genomics as a way of conceptualizing multispecies entanglements. The analysis focuses on the sequencing of Borrelia recurrentis bacteria retrieved from a medieval graveyard. B. recurrentis is associated with louse-borne relapsing fever (LBRF), known to have killed several million people in Europe. The article demonstrates that while aDNA research often foregrounds multispecies entanglements, its epistemic tools cannot easily address the ontological blurriness of pathogens and their embeddedness in vibrant material processes. The article draws on feminist posthumanities work on microbes and materiality to highlight conceptual openings that a theorization of ancient pathogens could engender.
Keywords:
Ancient pathogen genomics; feminist posthumanities; louse-borne relapsing fever; multispecies relations; pathogen evolution

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